ISONIAZID is used to treat or prevent tuberculosis. For treatment of tuberculosis, other medicines may be used together with isoniazid. For prevention of tuberculosis, isoniazid may be given alone. Generic isoniazid tablets are available.

What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?

They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
•acne
•diabetes mellitus
•kidney disease
•if you frequently drink alcohol-containing beverages
•liver disease
•malnutrition
•seizures (convulsions)
•tingling of the fingers or toes, or other nerve disorder
•an unusual or allergic reaction to isoniazid, other medicines, foods, dyes or preservatives
•pregnant or trying to get pregnant
•breast-feeding

How should I take this medicine?

Take isoniazid tablets by mouth. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Swallow tablets whole with a full glass of water. Take isoniazid on an empty stomach; 1 to 2 hours before food, or at least 2 hours after food. Take your doses at regular intervals and try not to miss any doses. Do not take your medicine more often than directed. Finish the full course prescribed by your prescriber or health care professional even if you think your condition is better. Do not stop taking except on your prescriber’s advice.

What if I miss a dose?

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you can. If you do not remember until the next day, take only that dose. Do not take double or extra doses.

What drug(s) may interact with isoniazid?

•alcohol
•carbamazepine
•chlorzoxazone
•cycloserine
•diazepam
•disulfiram
•doxercalciferol
•furazolidone
•histamine-containing foods (examples: aged cheeses and fish such as tuna, skipjack, sardinella and especially raw fish or spoiled fish)
•hormones such as prednisone or cortisone
•itraconazole
•linezolid
•medicines called MAO inhibitors-phenelzine (Nardil®), tranylcypromine (Parnate®), isocarboxazid (Marplan®), selegiline (Eldepryl®)
•medicines for diabetes
•paricalcitol
•phenytoin
•procarbazine
•rifampin
•some medications for Parkinson’s disease, such as entacapone, levodopa or tolcapone
•tyramine-containing foods (such as cheeses; meats and fish, especially those that are aged, smoked, pickled, or processed; beer and ale; wine; avocados; bananas; figs; raisins; soy sauce; miso soup; yeast extract; and bean curd)
•valproic acid
•voriconazole
•warfarin

Tell your prescriber or health care professional about all other medicines you are taking, including non-prescription medicines, nutritional supplements, or herbal products. Also tell your prescriber or health care professional if you are a frequent user of drinks with caffeine or alcohol, if you smoke, or if you use illegal drugs. These may affect the way your medicine works. Check with your health care professional before stopping or starting any of your medicines.

What side effects may I notice from taking isoniazid?

Elderly patients are more likely to get side effects.
Side effects that you should report to your prescriber or health care professional as soon as possible:
•blood in urine
•blurred vision, eye pain
•changes in how you see color (especially seeing the difference between red and green)
•clumsiness, unsteadiness
•dark yellow or brown urine
•difficulty breathing
•fever or chills, sore throat
•headache
•loss of appetite
•nausea, vomiting
•reduced amount of urine passed
•seizures (convulsions)
•skin rash, itching
•stomach pain
•tingling, pain, or numbness in the hands or feet
•unusual bleeding or bruising
•unusual tiredness or weakness
•yellowing of the eyes or skin

Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your prescriber or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):
•diarrhea
•upset stomach

What should I watch for while taking isoniazid?

Keep taking your isoniazid even if you feel better. You may need to take this medicine for a long time. Visit your prescriber or health care professional for regular checks; tell him of any change in your vision. Report any other side effects promptly.

Ask your prescriber or health care professional if you need to take pyridoxine, vitamin B₆. Isoniazid can make your body short of this vitamin.

Avoid alcoholic drinks while you are taking isoniazid. Alcohol can increase the damage to your liver from isoniazid.

An interaction between isoniazid and certain foods can make you feel ill (see interactions’ list). If you get red or itching skin, fast heartbeat, sweat, get chills or feel clammy, feel lightheaded and have a headache, do not treat yourself. Call your prescriber or health care professional as soon as you can and avoid these foods.

Antacids can prevent isoniazid from working correctly. If you get an upset stomach and want to take an antacid, make sure there is an interval of at least 2 hours since you last took isoniazid, or at least 4 hours before your next dose.

If you are diabetic, you may get a false-positive result for sugar in your urine. Check with your prescriber or health care professional before you change your diet or the dose of your diabetic medicine.

Where can I keep my medicine?

Keep out of the reach of children in a container that small children cannot open.

Store at room temperature between 15 and 30 degrees C (59 and 86 degrees F). Protect from light. Keep container tightly closed. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date.

Isoniazid

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Bactrim, an antibacterial combination drug, is prescribed for the treatment of certain urinary tract infections, severe middle ear infections in children, long-lasting or frequently recurring bronchitis in adults that has increased in seriousness, inflammation of the intestine due to a severe bacterial infection, and travelers’ diarrhea in adults. Bactrim is also prescribed for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and for prevention of this type of pneumonia in people with weakened immune systems.

Most important fact about Bactrim

Sulfamethoxazole, an ingredient in Bactrim, is one of a group of drugs called sulfonamides, which prevent the growth of bacteria in the body. Rare but sometimes fatal reactions have occurred with use of sulfonamides. These reactions include Stevens-Johnson syndrome (severe eruptions around the mouth, anus, or eyes), progressive disintegration of the outer layer of the skin, sudden and severe liver damage, a severe blood disorder (agranulocytosis), and a lack of red and white blood cells because of a bone marrow disorder.

Notify your doctor at the first sign of an adverse reaction such as skin rash, sore throat, fever, joint pain, cough, shortness of breath, abnormal skin paleness, reddish or purplish skin spots, or yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes.

Frequent blood counts by a doctor are recommended for patients taking sulfonamide drugs.

How should you take Bactrim?

It is important that you drink plenty of fluids while taking this medication in order to prevent sediment in the urine and the formation of stones.

Bactrim works best when there is a constant amount in the blood. Take Bactrim exactly as prescribed; try not to miss any doses. It is best to take doses at evenly spaced times day and night.

If you are taking Bactrim suspension, ask your pharmacist for a specially marked measuring spoon that delivers accurate doses.

–If you miss a dose…

Take the forgotten dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the one you missed and go back to your regular schedule. Do not take 2 doses at once.

–Storage instructions…

Store tablets and suspension at room temperature and protect from light. Keep tablets in a dry place. Protect the suspension from freezing.

What side effects may occur?

Side effects cannot be anticipated. If any develop or change in intensity, inform your doctor as soon as possible. Only your doctor can determine if it is safe for you to continue taking Bactrim.

• More common side effects may include:
  Hives, lack or loss of appetite, nausea, skin rash, vomiting

Recommended dosage

ADULTS

Urinary Tract Infections and Intestinal Inflammation

The usual adult dosage in the treatment of urinary tract infection is 1 Bactrim DS (double strength tablet) or 2 Bactrim tablets, or 4 teaspoonfuls (20 milliliters) of Bactrim Pediatric Suspension every 12 hours for 10 to 14 days. The dosage for inflammation of the intestine is the same but is taken for 5 days.

Worsening of Chronic Bronchitis

The usual recommended dosage is 1 Bactrim DS (double strength tablet), 2 Bactrim tablets, or 4 teaspoonfuls (20 milliliters) of Bactrim Pediatric Suspension every 12 hours for 14 days.

Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia

The recommended dosage is 15 to 20 milligrams of trimethoprim and 75 to 100 milligrams of sulfamethoxazole per 2.2 pounds of body weight per 24 hours divided into equal doses every 6 hours for 14 to 21 days.

Prevention of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia

The recommended dosage is 1 Bactrim DS (double strength tablet) once daily.

Travelers’ Diarrhea

The usual recommended dosage is 1 Bactrim DS (double strength tablet), 2 Bactrim tablets, or 4 teaspoonfuls (20 milliliters) of Bactrim Pediatric Suspension every 12 hours for 5 days.

CHILDREN

The recommended dosage for children 2 months of age or older, given every 12 hours for 10 days, is determined by weight. The following table is a guideline for this dosage:

22 pounds, 1 teaspoonful (5 milliliters)
44 pounds, 2 teaspoonfuls (10 milliliters) or 1 tablet
66 pounds, 3 teaspoonfuls (15 milliliters) or one-and-a-half tablets
88 pounds, 4 teaspoonfuls (20 milliliters) or 2 tablets or 1 DS tablet

Intestinal Inflammation

The recommended dosage is identical to the dosage recommended for urinary tract and middle ear infections; however, it should be taken for 5 days.

Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia

The recommended dosage, taken every 6 hours for 14 to 21 days, is determined by weight. The following table is a guideline for this dosage:

18 pounds, 1 teaspoonful (5 milliliters)
35 pounds, 2 teaspoonfuls (10 milliliters) or 1 tablet
53 pounds, 3 teaspoonfuls (15 milliliters) or one-and-a-half tablets
70 pounds, 4 teaspoonfuls (20 milliliters) or 2 tablets or 1 DS tablet

Prevention of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia

The recommended dosage, taken twice a day, on 3 consecutive days per week, is determined by body surface area. The total daily dose should not exceed 320 milligrams trimethoprim and 1600 milligrams sulfamethoxazole.

The safety of repeated use of Bactrim in children under 2 years of age has not been established.

OLDER ADULTS

There may be an increased risk of severe side effects when Bactrim is taken by older people, especially in those who have impaired kidney and/or liver function or who are taking other medication. Consult with your doctor before taking Bactrim.

Overdosage

If you suspect an overdose of Bactrim, seek emergency medical attention immediately.

• Symptoms of an overdose of Bactrim include:
  Blood or sediment in the urine, colic, confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, fever, headache, lack or loss of appetite, mental depression, nausea, unconsciousness, vomiting, yellowed eyes and skin

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Septilin, when used daily, builds up the body’s own defence mechanism through improved phagocytosis and so protects against day-to-day infections. When used as a daily health supplement, it offers protection against not only these everyday infections but also clears chronic, recurrent infections even if they are sub-clinical.

How Taken

Take 1 or 2 tablets twice daily, preferably with meals. Allow several weeks for full benefit. The use of natural products provides progressive but long-lasting results.

Drug Class and Mechanism

Septilin is an immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory herbal formulation, which strengthen the immune responses of the body. Septilin stimulates phagocytosis by macrophage activation and increases the polymorphonuclear cells and helps overcome infection. It builds up resistance to disease and helps prevent reinfection, augments granulocyte-macrophage differentiation, natural killer cell activity and antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity. Septilin’s stimulatory effect on the humoral immunity increases the antibody forming cells, thereby enhancing the secretion of antibodies into the circulation. Septilin also augments the population of erythropoietic and granulopoietic precursor cells, stab cells and primary.

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose of this medicine and you are using it regularly, take it as soon as possible. Do not take 2 doses at once.

Storage

Store at the room temperature away from moisture and sunlight. Keep out of the reach of children.

Warnings Precautions

No absolute contraindications. Consult your healthcare professional if pregnant or nursing.

Possible Side Effects

Septilin is not known to have any side effects if taken as per the prescribed dosage.

More Information

In one study 150 persons with upper respiratory tract infections, Septilin was effective in 92% of the cases, both acute and chronic.

Septilin

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